Equipment
Heat pumps, furnaces, air conditioners, boilers and water heaters: how they work, what they cost, how long they last and which efficiency standards apply.
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Pool Heater Types Compared: Gas, Heat Pump and Solar on the Federal Numbers
How gas, heat pump and solar pool heaters work, the 10 CFR 430.32 efficiency standard that changes on May 30, 2028, DOE sizing rules, and season running costs…
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Attic Insulation R-Value: How Much Your Climate Zone Needs and How to Check
ENERGY STAR and IECC attic R-values by climate zone, how to measure the insulation already in your attic, and how many inches of fiberglass or cellulose reach the…
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Heat Pump vs Air Conditioner: One Valve, Two Ratings, $1,500
A heat pump is an air conditioner with a reversing valve. The differences that matter are HSPF2, the regional cooling floors, about $1,500 more installed in EIA’s federal…
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Ceiling Fan Direction for Summer and Winter, and What It Saves in Energy
Counterclockwise in summer, clockwise on low in winter. DOE says a fan lets you raise the thermostat about 4°F; federal data on what that is worth, what a…
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Thermostat Settings for Winter and Summer: What DOE Says a Setback Saves
DOE recommends 68°F to 70°F in winter and publishes no summer number. Federal data on what a setback saves, why heat pumps are the exception, and how US…
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Air Handler Installation: Orientation, Drain Pans, Heat Strips and Commissioning
Air handler installation sets the indoor half of a heat pump or split AC: orientation, overflow protection, service access, heat strips, a sealed cabinet, a certified refrigerant connection…
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Boiler Not Working? The Safe Owner Checks Before You Call a Technician
A homeowner diagnostic for a boiler that will not fire or will not heat: eight safe checks, what the reset button really does, and where a licensed technician…
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Window AC Installation: Support, Tilt, Sealing, Power and Egress
A window AC installation has five jobs: fit the window type, support the weight, pitch the cabinet for drainage, seal the gaps and power it from a wall…
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HVAC Contactor: The Relay That Switches Your Outdoor Unit
A 24 volt coil, line voltage contacts, and one of the few parts in an air conditioner that stays energized when the thermostat is off. What a contactor…
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Swamp Cooler Maintenance: The Seasonal Service and the Faults That Fake a Dead Unit
The spring startup sequence, why mineral scale is the central maintenance problem, what a bleed off line is for, and the faults that make a working evaporative cooler…